Unit 4 Space Exploration一、重點(diǎn)單詞

1、determine v.查明；確定；決定

(1)確定失火的原因: determine the cause of fire

(2)確定：determine that ...

(3)決定做某事: determine to do sth.

(4)使某人下決心做某事: determine sb to do sth.

(5)決定: determine on/upon sth.

→ determined adj. 有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的

be determined to do sth 決心做某事(表狀態(tài))

→ determination n. 決心；決定

2、disappointed adj. 失望的；沮喪的

(1)對(duì)某事感到失望: be disappointed at/by sth

(2)對(duì)某人感到失望: be disappointed with/in sb

(3)因做某事而感到失望: be disappointed to do sth

(4)因......而感到失望: be disappointed that ...

→disappoint vt. 使失望

→disappointment n. 失望

令某人失望的是: to one’s disappointment

→disappointing adj. 令人失望的

→disappointedly adv. 失望地

3、independent adj. 獨(dú)立的；自立的

independently adv. 獨(dú)立地；自立地

(1)獨(dú)立的國(guó)家: an independent country

(2)變得獨(dú)立: become independent

(3)使某人自立: make sb independant

(4)不依賴: be independent of

→ independently adv. 獨(dú)立地；自立地

→ independence n. 獨(dú)立(之日)；自主；自立

4、lack vt. 沒(méi)有；缺乏

(1)缺乏信心:lack confidence

lack n. 缺乏；短缺

(1)不乏某物: no lack for...

(2)缺乏......:lack of ...

(3)因缺乏......: for lack of ...

(4)不乏......: there is no lack of ...

→ lacking adj. 缺乏的；短缺的

缺乏......: be lacking in

5、keen adj. 熱衷的；渴望的

(1)渴望做某事: be keen to do sth

(2)對(duì)做某事著迷；熱衷于做某事: be keen on sth

(3)渴望......（從句謂語(yǔ)常用should +do ath）be keen that

(4)對(duì)......有敏銳的眼光: have a keen eye for

→ keenly adv. 熱切地

→ keenness n. 熱切；渴望

6、argue vt/vi 論證；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)論

(1)與某人爭(zhēng)辯某事: argue with sb about/over sth

(2)提出理由支持、反對(duì): argue for/against

(3)說(shuō)服某人做某事、不做某事: argue sb into/out of doing sth

(4)為那位可憐的老人辯護(hù):argue for the poor old man

(5)反對(duì)捕鯨: argue against hunting whales.

(6)主張......認(rèn)為......；爭(zhēng)辯道......argue that….

→ argument n. 爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵；論點(diǎn)

have an argument with sb 與某人爭(zhēng)吵

beyond argument 無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯

settle an argument 解決爭(zhēng)端

7、regular adj.定期的；經(jīng)常的；正常的

定期訪問(wèn): regular visit

→ regularly adv. 經(jīng)常；定期地

定期鍛煉: take/do exercise regularly

8、attach vt. 系；綁；貼

(1)把......固定在/附在......上: attach ...to ...

(2)認(rèn)為......很重要、重視......: attach importance to ...

→attached adj. 依戀的

be attached to ... 附屬于......；依戀......

9.signal vt.& vi. 標(biāo)志著；標(biāo)明；發(fā)信號(hào) n. 信號(hào)；標(biāo)志

signal (to) sb to_do sth 示意某人做某事

signal (sb) that ... 發(fā)信號(hào)/示意……

a danger/warning signal 危險(xiǎn)/警告信號(hào)

traffic signals 交通信號(hào)

a/the signal for ……的信號(hào)

send/give out a signal 發(fā)出信號(hào)

10、limited adj. 有限的

be limited to 受限于……

→limit v. 限制；限定

limit ... to 限制……在(……范圍內(nèi))

→limit n. 限制；限度

set a limit to 限定范圍在……

there is a/no limit_to……是有限/無(wú)限的

within limits 在某種程度上；有一定限制

二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

1、carry on 繼續(xù)做，堅(jiān)持做

(1)從事某事: carry sth

(2)繼續(xù)某事: carry on with sth

(3)繼續(xù)做某事: carry on doing sth.

2、on board 在宇宙飛船上；在船上；在飛機(jī)上

3、in the hope of doing sth 抱著做某事的希望

(1)抱著......的希望:in the hope that +從句

(2)希望做某事hope to do sth

(3)希望......hope that 從句

4、so as to do sth 為了；以便

5、弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白: figure out

(1)認(rèn)為......figure that…

(2)身材好: have a good figure

6、result in ... 導(dǎo)致；造成

result from... 由……而引起的

as a result 結(jié)果(在句中作狀語(yǔ))

as a result of... 因?yàn)?，由?＝because of)

without result 毫無(wú)結(jié)果，徒勞

7、run out 用完；耗盡（不及物）

用完、耗盡（及物）: run out of

三、重點(diǎn)句式

1、非常......以至于......be+adj+enough to do

教材原句

(1)首先， 你必須足夠聰明才能獲得相關(guān)大學(xué)學(xué)位。

First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.

句式仿寫(xiě)

(2)他很強(qiáng)壯，能舉起這個(gè)重箱子。

He was strong enough to lift the heavy box.

2、第一個(gè)做......、的......

教材原句

(1)尤里’加加林成為世界上第一個(gè)進(jìn)入太空的人。

Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.

句式仿寫(xiě)

(2)安迪和魯比累的喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)， 他們第一登上了泰山。

Tired and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.

3、This /that is because…..

(1)這是因?yàn)楸M管存在巨大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，人們依然相信進(jìn)行太空探索的重要性

This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.

(2)座頭鯨有時(shí)被稱為海洋的表演者。這是因?yàn)樗麄儩撍畷r(shí)能做出令人印象深刻的動(dòng)作。

Humpback whales are sometimes called performers of the ocean. This is because they can make impressive movements when they dive.

4、So that +目的狀語(yǔ)從句

教材原句

在太空中，宇航員收集所有的臟水， 這樣它們后期就可以循環(huán)利用了。

In space, astronauts collect all dirty water so that it can be recycled for later use.

句式仿寫(xiě)

他們決定為這項(xiàng)工程增加工人，以免被耽擱。

They decide to have more workers for the project so that it won’t be delayed.

5、It takes ….to do sth 花費(fèi)......做某事

教材原句

.......到達(dá)離地球最近的行星----火星以及往返，需要兩年多的時(shí)間。

It would take over two years to get to the closet planet, Mars, and back.

句式仿寫(xiě)

我花了很多的時(shí)間在網(wǎng)站上搜索有用的信息。

It took me much time to search for useful information on the website.