Unit 2 Morals and Virtues一、重點單詞

(1) dilemma n. 進退兩難的境地；困境

1、面臨左右為難的境地：face a dilemma

2、處于進退兩難的境地: be in dilemma

3、道德困境: a moral dilemma

研討會上這位專家的缺席使我們進退兩難。

The expert’s absence from the seminar puts us in a dilemma.

她進退兩難， 不知該留在學校還是找份工作。

She was in a dilemma as to whether to stay at school or get a job.

(2)major adj.主要的 n. 主修課程，專業(yè)；主修學生 vi.主修

There is a major problem with parking in London.

在倫敦,停車是個很大的問題。

He is a history major.

他是主修歷史的學生。

International Business is my major.

國際貿易時我的主修課。

She majored in maths and physics at university.

她在大學期間主修數(shù)學和物理。

majority n 大部分；大多數(shù)

1、大多數(shù): the majority of

2、占多數(shù): be in the majority

When the headmaster spoke out his plan, the majority of the students in the class were in favor of it.

(3)complain vi/vt抱怨；發(fā)牢騷

1、 抱怨，投訴某事: complain to sb about sth

2、We complained to the travel agency about the terrible service during our trip.

complaint n.抱怨，投訴

他一直向我抱怨充滿壓力的生活。

He is always making a complaint to me about the stressful life.

You have no cause for complaint.

你沒有理由抱怨。

(4)respond v.回答；回復 做出回應；回應,反應；回答；回復

對......做出回應: respond to

response n.回應，回復

1、對......沒做出回應: make no response to

2、對......的回應: in response to

These comments came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen

He made no response to my question, and went on with his movie.

(5)hire vt.聘任；雇用 租用 n. 租借；租用

1、（短期）出租某物 hire sth out

2、雇用某人做某事: hire sb to do sth

3、 Running a company is not simply a matter of hiring people—they also need to be trained.

fire vt 開除，解雇

(6)reject v. 拒絕接受；不錄用 n. 廢品，次品

1、拒絕接受某人的想法、建議、計劃:reject one’s idea/suggestion/plan

2、拒絕接受一個論點、一個決定、一項提議reject an argument/ a decision/an offer

3、He was quite depressed to find his suggestion rejected at the meeting.

rejection n. 拒絕接受；否決

(7)appointed adj. 指定的，約定的

He wasn't there at the appointed time.

他沒有在指定的時間在那里。

appoint vt任命；委派

1、派某人任某職appoint sb to sth

2、任命某人（擔任）...... appoint sb as

3、派某人做某事appoint sb to do sth:

4、約定時間、地點做某事: appoint a time /place for sth/to do sth

appointment約定，約會；任命。委任

1、和某人約會：have an appointment with sb

2、預約: make an appointment

3、按照約定: by appointment.

(8)retire vi/vt退休；退職；退出

1、從......退休: retire from ...

2、從......職位退休: retire as ...

3、退休教師: a retired teacher

retirement退休、退休生活

退休年齡:retirement age

(9)scary恐怖的，嚇人的

1、恐怖一刻: a scary moment

2、恐怖片: a scary movie

scare驚嚇；使害怕 vi受驚嚇

3、恐嚇某人做某事: scare sb into doing sth

4、把......嚇跑: scare…..off/away

scared 害怕的；對......感到驚慌或恐懼的

害怕做某事: be scared of sth/ be scared to do sth

(10)sharp adj. 急劇的；鋒利的；明顯的

1、鋒利的刀: a sharp knife

2、鋒利的牙齒: sharp teeth

3、價格急劇上漲、下跌: a sharp increase/ fall in prices

4、頭腦敏銳的新聞記者: a journalist with a sharp mind

sharply adv. 鋒利地；敏銳地；急劇地

The price of petrol is increased sharply since last month

sharpen vt.使變鋒利；使提高

Ann sharpened her pencil and wrote down the instructions in her notebook.

(11)energy n. 精力，能源

1、充滿活力: be full of energy

2、把精力投入到某事中: apply/devote/put one’s energy to sth

energetic adj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的

3、保持活力；keep energetic

4、熱情支持者: an energetic supporter

5、The teenagers in our town are lively, enthusiastic and energetic.

energetically adv. 積極地；精力充沛地

(12)replace 接替；取代；更換,取代，代替

1、用B取代A: replace A with B

2、被......取代; be replaced by...

3、取代某人當: replace sb as ...

4、The house I grew up in has been taken down and replaced by an office building.

5、老汽車站是否應該被一個現(xiàn)代化的賓館代替仍然在討論之中。

It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.

(13)operator n. 操作者，經營者

I am a computer operator.

我是一名計算機操作人員。

operate vi.動手術；操作；經營

The doctor began to operate on the boy.

醫(yī)生開始給那個男孩動手術。

The lift doesn't operate properly.

這臺電梯運轉不正常。

operation n. 手術；企業(yè)；經營

1、在運行: in operation

2、使......運轉.啟動: put sth into operation

3、投入運營: come into operation

4、給某人做手術: have an operation on sb

5、Given the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.

(14)whisper v.i & n. 悄聲說；耳語；低語 耳語聲；低語聲；傳言；謠傳

1、密談某事：whisper about sth

2、對某人竊竊私語:whisper to sb

3、有人私下說: It is whispered that

4、低聲地: in a whisper

5、常見的后接雙賓語的結構

向某人解釋: explain sth to sb

向某人宣布: announce sth to sb

向某人介紹: introduce sth to sb

向某人提議: suggest sth to sb

向某人報告: report sth to sb

6、Mum whispered to us, “be quiet! Your little sister’s sleeping.”

(15)assist vt幫助；援助

協(xié)助某人做某事: assist sb with/in sth

如果你能協(xié)助我們做這項工作，它很快就能完成。

Provided that you assist us with/in the job, it can be done quickly.

assistant助手；助理

店員: a shop assistant

assistance援助，幫助；輔助設備

1、在某人的幫助下: with the assistance of sb

2、給某人以援助: give/ offer assistance to sb

(16)spill vt/vi (spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled) 使灑出；使溢出

1、噴涌出來: spill out

2、傾訴: spill sth out

3、溢出: spill over

4、涌向街頭: spill into street.

(17)harm n/vt. 傷害；損害

1、對......有害的：do/cause harm to

2、無惡意，無意傷害: mean no harm/ not mean any harm

3、沒有受到傷害、損害 come to no harm

4、對......無害、有很大害處: do no/ great/ much/ a lot of harm to

5、做某事無妨、無害: there is no harm in ding sth. / It does no harm to do sth

6、不要吃太多藥，吃多了弊大于利。

Don’t take too much of the medicine; it does you more harm than good if you do.

harmful adj. 有害的，無害的

harmless adj. 無害的

二、重點短語

1、carry sb through sth.幫助某人渡過難關；完成；

(1)實行；履行: carry out

(2)繼續(xù)......: carry on with/on doing sth

(3)運走；使失去自制力: carry away

(4)使某人回憶起（某事）: carry sb back to sth

(5)The support of her mother carried Jane Goodall through and she devoted herself to the study of chimps.

(6)經理們討論了他們希望看到明年實施的計劃。

The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year、

2、tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往會發(fā)生某事

(1)照顧 照料: tend to sb/sth

(2)有......的趨勢，傾向于......、tend towards

(3)He tends to get disappointed when failing the exam.

(4)Mum was always tending to my younger sister during the night and she tended to have less sleep.

3、first aid

(1)（對某人）實施急救: do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid to sb

(2)幫某人的忙: come to one’s aid==come to the aid of sb

(3)為了幫助: in aid of

(4)在......、的幫助下. With the aid of

(5)幫助某人做某事aid sb in doing sth

(6)在某方面幫助某人: aid sb with sth

4、pass away 去世（委婉說法）

(1)經過: pass by

(2)轉交；轉給: pass …. on

(2)轉交；轉給: pass …. on

(3)把......傳給后人: pass down

(4)剛才你看到有個穿黑衣服的人經過嗎？

Did you see a man in black pass by just now

5、in memory of 作為對......的紀念

(1)In+名詞+of 類短語

慶祝: in celebration of

贊美，歌頌: in praise of

尋找: in search of

負責；掌管: in charge of

支持: in support of…

支持；贊同: in favour of

擁有: in possession of

需要: in need of

代替: in place of

就......而言: in terms of

紀念: in honor of

(2)The library was built in memory of the scientist who had made significant contributions to society,

6、.in tears 留著淚

(1)突然大哭起來：burst into tears==burst out crying

(2)眼里充滿淚水: be filled with tears

(3)使某人流淚、沉默: reduced sb to tears/silence

(4)把某人感動的流淚: moved sb to tears

(5)幾乎落淚: be close to tears

(6)忍住淚水: hold back one’s tears

7、a great deal of 大量

(1)學習了很多: learn a great of..

(2)對某人了解很多；know a great deal about sb

(3)感覺好多了: feel a great deal better

(4)意義重大: mean a great deal

(5)A great deal of work has been done to improve our living environment so far..

三、重點句式

1、Not only….but also…..

教材原句

( 1 )When you listen. you should pay attention not only to the words but also to how the speaker is talking.

當你聽得時候，你不僅要注意語句，而且要注意說話人是怎么說話的。

（2）Not only I but also he attaches the importance of recycling garbage.

不僅我而且他也認為循環(huán)利用垃圾很重要。

她不僅為老人提供了食宿，而且為他買了單程票。

（3）Not only had she provided, but also the old man with accommodations, ____ she had bought a single for him.

2、與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣

(1) Think about what you would do if you were ever faced with the same situation as the girl.

想想如果你遭遇和那個女孩同樣的情況，你會怎么做？

(2). If Newton _lived__ today, he would be surprised by what has been discovered in science and technology.

如果牛頓生活在現(xiàn)在，他會吃驚于科技領域的發(fā)現(xiàn)。

3、 否定詞+比較級+than......沒有......比......、更加......

（1） 對一個人來說， 沒有比生命更珍貴......

To a person, nothing is more precious than their life.

(2) 我認為沒什么比讀書更令人愉快的。

I think nothing is more pleasant than reading.

4、獨立結構

教材原句

（1）過了一會，一群女人走了過來，每個人頭頂上頂著一罐水。

After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head.

句式仿寫

（2）一天， 我和我的兩個兄弟從島上歸來，船上載滿了魚。

One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands, our boat full of fish.