英語四級(jí)閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句解析(4)
一、If you say to your children" I'm sorry I got angry with you, but...“what follows that ”but“can render the apology ineffective:“I had a bad day“ or “your noise was giving me a headache” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology. (06.1 Passage 2)
分析主干:what follows that ”but“can render the apology ineffective:...
if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,say 后面引號(hào)里的直接引語作賓語。主句的主語是what 引導(dǎo)的從句,“緊跟在這個(gè)‘但是’之后的內(nèi)容”;謂語部分是“動(dòng)詞+賓語+補(bǔ)語”結(jié)構(gòu),ineffective 是賓語補(bǔ)足語。冒號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前文的進(jìn)一步解釋,兩個(gè)引號(hào)中的直接引語作主語,謂語部分也是“動(dòng)詞(leaves)+賓語(the person who...)+賓語補(bǔ)足語(現(xiàn)在分詞feeling that...)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
譯文:如果你對(duì)你的孩子說,“很抱歉我生你的氣了,但是......”,這個(gè)“但是”后面的話可能會(huì)使你的道歉毫無效果?!拔医裉旌艿姑埂被蛘摺澳愠车梦翌^疼”諸如此類的話使受到傷害的那個(gè)人感覺在期待你向他道歉的同時(shí),他應(yīng)該為他所做的事情而向你道歉。
二、The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. (08.6 Passage 1)
分析主干:The (practical) conclusion is that...
that 引導(dǎo)的從句在句中作表語。該表語從句中包含if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句:“要是......”。
譯文:比較實(shí)際的結(jié)論是,如果全球變暖是一個(gè)潛在的災(zāi)難,那么唯一的解決辦法就是新技術(shù)。
三、 But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming,and-without major technological breakthroughs-we can't do much about it. (08.6 Passage 1)
分析主干:the (real) truth is that...
that 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)表語從句.該從句本身是兩個(gè)由and 并列連接的分句.破折號(hào)中的內(nèi)容是插入語,起解釋說明的作用,表示前提條件:“如果沒有技術(shù)上的突破”。
譯文但是真正的事實(shí)是,我們沒有掌握足夠的知識(shí)去緩解全球變暖,并且—若沒有重大的技術(shù)突破—我們對(duì)此也束手無策。
四、Nevertheless, soft-drink companies view bottled water as the next battle-ground for market share-this despite the fact that over 25 percent of bottled water comes from tap water: PepsiCo‘s Aquafina and Coca-Cola‘s Dasani are both purified tap water rather than spring water. (06.12 Passage 1)
分析主干:companies view bottled water as the next battle-ground...
破折號(hào)后的this 指代前面的內(nèi)容:view... share(把瓶裝水看做下一個(gè)市場(chǎng)份額的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)場(chǎng)所),despite 是介詞,后接賓語the fact,表示讓步:“盡管事實(shí)上......”。that 引導(dǎo)的從句作the fact 的同位語。冒號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是對(duì)同位語從句內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步解釋說明。
譯文:盡管如此,軟飲料公司把瓶裝水看做是爭(zhēng)奪市場(chǎng)占有率的下一個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)—雖然事實(shí)是超過25%的瓶裝水都來自自來水:百事可樂的Aquafina 和可口可樂的Dasani都是經(jīng)過凈化的自來水,而不是礦泉水。
五、 But selfishly, I'm more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American woman. (09.12 Passage 1)
分析主干:I'm fascinated (by...)
1.by 有兩個(gè)賓語,它們用and 并列。by 的第二個(gè)賓語是what 引導(dǎo)的從句,主干部分用了do (what) for 結(jié)構(gòu)。兩個(gè)表示對(duì)象的for 介詞短語又由not... but 結(jié)構(gòu)并列,“不只是能夠?yàn)檫@個(gè)國(guó)家做些什么,而且是要為我做些什么”。
譯文:但我卻出于私心更關(guān)注米歇爾窯奧巴馬,更想知道她可以做些什么,,不僅僅是為美國(guó),更是為像我這樣的非裔美國(guó)婦女。
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