英語四級閱讀理解長難句解析(5)

一、 But it hasn't reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories (簽字國) didn't adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets. (08.6 Passage 1)

分析主干:it hasn't reduced emissions and signatories didn't adopt policies

本句是and 連接兩個分句構(gòu)成的并列句.前一分句中,括號里的內(nèi)容是插入成分,用以說明二氧化碳排放量不僅沒有減少,反而增加了。后一個分句的賓語是policies，它有一個形容詞短語tough enough 作修飾語。

譯文：但是它并沒有起到減少二氧化碳的排放量(自從1990 年以來上升了25%)的作用，并且許多簽字國并沒有采取足夠嚴(yán)格的政策來盡力完成他們所制定的2008-2012 年度的目標(biāo)。

二、In fact, New York‘s municipal water for more than a century was called the champagne of tap water and until recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity. (06.12 Passage 1)

分析主干：New York’s municipal water was called the champagne and considered the best

本句是復(fù)合謂語句，由and 并列連接兩個謂語動詞。the champagne 是主語補足語，in terms of...表示“從......角度而言”。

譯文：實際上，紐約市的自來水曾有100 多年被人們稱為“自來水中的香檳”，并且從味道和純度來看，直到最近還被認(rèn)為是世界上最好的用水之一。

三、Regar dless of how it‘s sold, the popularity of bottled water taps into our desire for better health, our wish to appear cultivated, and even a longing for lost purity. (06.12 Passage 1)

分析主干：the popularity... taps into...

短語介詞Regardless of 后面接了一個how 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作讓步狀語：“不管......”。謂語動詞tap into 表示“開發(fā)，發(fā)掘”，后面通常接“能源”之類的賓語，句中接了三個表示“愿望”的名詞作賓語，our desire (for...), our wish,以及a longing (for...)。

譯文：無論怎么賣，瓶裝水的普及反映了我們追求健康的愿望，希望給人留下有修養(yǎng)的印象，甚至對于失去的純凈的一種渴求。

四、"Wellness" may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. (06.12 Passage 2)

分析主干："Wellness"may be viewed not as a state but as an ideal

not... but...用來連接兩個并列的成分，并對其中之一予以否定。對另一個予以肯定。句中兩個that 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，分別修飾a state 和an ideal。

譯文：“健康”也許最好不是被看做一種人們能夠達到的狀態(tài)，而是被看做一個人們?yōu)橹Φ睦硐搿?/p>

五、In a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come, work and live here? (06.6 Passage 2)

分析主干：who should be allowed to...

1.句子主干部分是一個特殊疑問句，用了被動語態(tài)。三個不定式短語to come,work and live here 作主語的補足語。2.句首表示地點的介詞短語In a country 在句中作地點狀語，后面的that 引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾a country，by... not by...是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“由......而不是由......(決定)”。

譯文：在一個以理想而不是以血脈定義自己的國家，應(yīng)該允許誰來這里工作、生活呢?