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          人教版高一英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)

          Ai高考 · 高中英語(yǔ)
          2022-01-18
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          人教版高一英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)

          同學(xué)們還在頭疼到底應(yīng)該記哪些語(yǔ)法嘛?今天跟小編來(lái)看看有哪些重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法吧!

          Unit1:

          直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(一)

          直接引語(yǔ):直接引述別人的原話。一般前后要加引號(hào)。

          間接引語(yǔ):用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。間接引語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情況下可構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句且不要加引號(hào)。 例:Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy.

          變化規(guī)則

          1. 陳述句的變化規(guī)則

          直接引語(yǔ)假設(shè)是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),用連詞that(可省略)引導(dǎo),從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)都要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。

          (1)人稱的變化——人稱的變化主要是要理解句子的意思

          例:1. He said, “ I like it very much.” → He said that he liked it very much.

          2. He said to me, “I'v left my book in your room.” → He told me that he had left his book in my room.

          例: “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne. →Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary. The boy said, “I’m using a knife.” → The boy said that he was using a knife.

          ▲注意:假設(shè)直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理,變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變,

          如: He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”

          He said that light travels much faster than sound.

          (2)指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化

          3. 疑惑句的變化規(guī)則

          假設(shè)直接引語(yǔ)是疑惑句,變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要把疑惑句語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序,句末用句號(hào)。 (1)一般疑惑句:假設(shè)直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑惑句,變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是say或said時(shí),要改為 ask 或asked,原問(wèn)句變?yōu)橛蒳f/whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

          例:“Do you think a diary can become your friend?” the writer says. → The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.

          (3)尤其疑惑句:假設(shè)間接引語(yǔ)是尤其疑惑句,變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),仍用原先的引導(dǎo)詞,但疑惑句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍洹?/p>

          例:“What do you want?” he asked me.

          → He asked me what I wanted

          Unit2:

          直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(二)

          3.祈使句的變化規(guī)則

          假設(shè)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句,變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式,并根據(jù)句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等動(dòng)詞,假設(shè)祈使句是否定句,在不定式前面還要加上not。

          例:The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.”

          → The hostess asked us to sit down.

          He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”

          → He told the boys not to make so much noise.

          Unit3:

          現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)

          表示在近期按計(jì)劃或安置要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

          ① 瞬間動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)在任何情況下都表示將來(lái)含義。

          這些動(dòng)詞包括go , come , leave,arrive , return等。

          I am leaving. 我將要離開(kāi)了。

          I am leaving tomorrow. 我將會(huì)明天離開(kāi)。

          ② 繼續(xù)動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí),只有在有將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或?qū)?lái)語(yǔ)境的情況下才可以表示將來(lái)含義。 An American professor is giving a lecture this afternoon.

          今天下午一位美國(guó)教授將要作報(bào)告。(將來(lái)含義)

          An American professor is giving a lecture. 一個(gè)美國(guó)教授正在作報(bào)告。(進(jìn)行含義)

          Unit4:

          定語(yǔ)從句

          概念:在復(fù)合句中,修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。

          成分:先行詞,即被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞;關(guān)系代詞:that,which,who(賓格為whom,所有格為whose);或者關(guān)系副詞where,when,why等。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞處在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間,起著連接主從句的作用。

          1. 關(guān)系代詞that的用法

          關(guān)系代詞that在定語(yǔ)從句中既能指人,也能指物;既能做主語(yǔ),也能做賓語(yǔ)。

          例:1)A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物,作主語(yǔ))

          2)The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. (指物,作賓語(yǔ),可省略)

          3)Who is the man that is reading a book over there? (指人,作主語(yǔ))

          4)The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister,(指人,作賓語(yǔ),可省略)

          2. 關(guān)系代詞which的用法

          3. 關(guān)系代詞which在定語(yǔ)從句中只能指物,既可以做賓語(yǔ)也能作主語(yǔ)。

          例:1)They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. (作主語(yǔ))

          2)The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作賓語(yǔ),可省略)

          4. 關(guān)系代詞who,whom的用法

          關(guān)系代詞who,whom 只能指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中分別作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)

          例:1)The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主語(yǔ))

          3)The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作賓語(yǔ),可省略)

          5. 關(guān)系代詞whose的用法

          關(guān)系代詞whose為關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式,其先行詞既可以是人也可以是物,whose和它所修飾的名詞在定語(yǔ)從句中既可以做主語(yǔ)也可以做賓語(yǔ)。

          例:1)This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. (指人,作主語(yǔ))

          2) The room whose window faces south is mine. (指物,作主語(yǔ))

          3) He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. (指物,作賓語(yǔ))

          6. 關(guān)系副詞when的用法 關(guān)系副詞when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

          例:1)I’ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.

          2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?

          7. 關(guān)系副詞where在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法

          關(guān)系副詞where在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

          例:1)This is the place where( =at/in which) we first met.

          3) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn’t very clean.

          8. 關(guān)系副詞why在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法

          關(guān)系副詞why在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)

          例: 1). I didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the reason why(= for which) I left.

          2) . The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.

          看完小編的總結(jié)同學(xué)們有沒(méi)有思路朦朧一點(diǎn)呢?

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