談?wù)劮侵^語動詞的被動語態(tài)

1. 不定式一般式的被動語態(tài)。由“to be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：

She asked to be given some work to do. 她要求給她一些工作做。

He was the last person to be asked to speak. 他是最后被邀請發(fā)言的人。

2. 不定式完成式的被動語態(tài)。由“to have been+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：

I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想讓人把結(jié)果早點告訴我的。

3. 現(xiàn)在分詞一般式的被動語態(tài)。由“being+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：

I saw him being taken away. 我看見有人把他帶走了。

Being protected by a wall, he felt quite safe. 有墻作保護(hù)，他感到很安全。

4. 現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動語態(tài)。由“having been+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：

Having been invited to speak, I’ll start making preparations tomorrow. 因為邀請我去講話，我明天就得做準(zhǔn)備。

The subject having been opened，he had to go on with it. 話題已經(jīng)開始了，他不得不談下去。

5. 動名詞一般式的被動語態(tài)。由“being+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：

She likes being looked at. 她喜歡被人瞧。

He hates being made a fool of. 他討厭被別人愚弄。

This question is far from being settled. 這個問題遠(yuǎn)沒解決。

6. 動名詞完成式的被動語態(tài)。由“having been+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：

Jenny’s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 杰妮沒受過舞蹈的專業(yè)訓(xùn)練是她感到遺憾的事。

After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 在接到把車開出城的指令后，我開始信心十足了。

注：過去分詞沒有被動式，因為它本身可以表示被動意義。如：

The door remained locked. 門仍然鎖著(from www.網(wǎng)址未加載)。