主謂一致是指主語和謂語必須保持人稱和數(shù)的變化一致，即句中謂語的變化形式由句子主語的人稱和數(shù)的形式?jīng)Q定。主謂一致通常遵循三個(gè)原則：語法一致、意義一致和就近一致原則。今天，跟大家分享的是主謂一致考點(diǎn)全面解析：

語法一致

語法一致是指主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。

考點(diǎn)一：

一般情況下，主語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞、不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

考點(diǎn)二：動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

【考例鏈接】

( )1、 The twins ______ fond of the new idea in the magazine article.

A be Bam

Cis D are

( )2、One of my friends ______ moved to America. I miss her so much.

A has B have C are

( )3、 Playing computer games too much ______ bad for students’ health .

A am B is C are

考點(diǎn)三：

1、復(fù)合不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

2、neither of ... / none of ... 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。

3、either指“兩者之中任何一個(gè)”，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。either of ... 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。

4、 each作同位語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于主語的數(shù)；each of ... 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

考點(diǎn)四：當(dāng)用both ... and ... 連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)and連接的兩個(gè)名詞表示兩個(gè)不同的概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)表示同一人、同一物或同一個(gè)概念，或表示不可分的整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。

考點(diǎn)五：當(dāng)主語后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等詞語引導(dǎo)的短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。

【考例鏈接】

( ) 1、We each ______ WeChat nowadays, even the old people.

A play B plays C playing

( )2、 —What would you like, coffee or tea?

—Either ______ OK. I don’t mind.

A is B are C was

( )3、My sister with my parents ______ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.

A are making B is making

C was making D were making

考點(diǎn)六：一些由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示物體的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如shoes, trousers, jeans, scissors, chopsticks等。但如果這些名詞前有量詞如pair等修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與量詞保持一致。

【考例鏈接】

( ) The pair of trousers ______ me. I’ll take it.

A fit B fits C will fit

考點(diǎn)七：

1、 “a (large / small) number of + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 / 代詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“the number of + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 / 代詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

2、 “分?jǐn)?shù) / 百分?jǐn)?shù)+ of + 名詞”和“the rest / most of +名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由名詞決定。

【考例鏈接】

( )1、 In our city there ______ a number of cars and the number of them ______ growing larger and larger.

A are; is B have; is C is; are

( )2、 About ______ of the land ______ covered with trees and grass.

A three fifths; is

B three fifths; are

C three fifth; are

( )3、 The number of the volunteers in our city ______ 2,000. And sixty percent of them ______ teachers and students.

A is; is B is; are

C are; is D are; are

意義一致

意義一致是指謂語動(dòng)詞和主語的一致不是取決于主語的語法形式，而是由其意義所決定。

考點(diǎn)一：

當(dāng)數(shù)詞作主語或當(dāng)表示距離、金額、時(shí)間等名詞(短語)作主語時(shí)，通常作為整體看待，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

【考例鏈接】

( )1、 Fifty yuan ______ enough.

A is B am C are

( )2、—Mom, I watched TV for only forty minutes. Sometimes ______ TV is good for us.

—Forty minutes ______ enough. Now you must do your homework.

A watch; is

B watching; was

C watched; are

D watching; were

考點(diǎn)二：

有些集體名詞常指復(fù)數(shù)的人或物，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如police；有些集體名詞作主語時(shí)，如果作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果指集體中的成員，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如family, class, team, group, crowd等；當(dāng)population意為“人口數(shù)量”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；意為“全體居民”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。

【考例鏈接】

( )1、The population of China ______ over 1.3 billion and China has bigger population than ______ in the world.

A is; any country

B is; any other country

C are; the other countries

D are; any other countries

( )2、 Look! The police ______ the food onto the bank of the river.

A am carrying B is carrying

C are carrying D are carried

考點(diǎn)三：

以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞如news, physics, maths, politics等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

【考例鏈接】

( )—Politics ______ my favorite subject. What about you?

—Physics ______. I think it’s very interesting.

A is; is B are; are C are；is

考點(diǎn)四：

1.、 “the + 形容詞”表示一類人作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類詞有the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等。

2、 “the + 姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示某一家人或夫婦兩人，其作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

【考例鏈接】

( )1、The old ______ our help, so we should care for them.

A refuses B refuse

C needs D need

( )2、 The Greens ______ a TV show now.

A is watching B are watching

C watch D watches

考點(diǎn)五：

定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。

【考例鏈接】

( )—I really want to relax myself. Could we see City Danger tonight?

—Sure! The actor ______ a hero used to be a schoolteacher. I like him very much.

A who play B which plays

C who plays D that play

就近一致

就近一致是指謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與其最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。

考點(diǎn)一：

以or, not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., neither ... nor ... 等連接的名詞(或代詞)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要和離它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。

【考例鏈接】

( )1、 Not only you but also everyone here ______ watching football matches.

A likes B like C is like

( )2、 Neither Li Hua nor I ______ good at writing.

A am B is C are

( )3、—What would you like to have for supper?

—Either noodles or rice ______ OK. I don’t mind.

A are B were C is D was

考點(diǎn)二：

在there be 句型中，如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語時(shí)，主語與謂語的一致通常遵循就近一致原則。

【考例鏈接】

( )1、 There ______ a pencil and some pens in the box.

A is B are C aren’t

( )2、 Don’t worry. There ______ enough water, vegetables and fruits in the fridge.

A have B are C is