詞源：

前綴ob-來源于拉丁介副詞ob，原意是“toward"，在構(gòu)詞當(dāng)中又引申出“against,inversely”等意思，還有“to, in the way, over, away, completely,intensive”等含義。ob-是個(gè)原生詞綴，一般與拉丁詞根綴合，所構(gòu)成的派生詞的詞性取決于詞根或后綴的屬性。由于語音的同化作用，ob-在c,f,p前面，變成oc-,of-,op-。在元音字母及其它輔音字母前，ob-形態(tài)不變。

每個(gè)前綴的純英語來源解釋：

ob-

prefix meaning" toward, against, across, down," also used as an intensive, from Latin ob" toward, to, over against, in the way of, by reason of, about, before, in front of," from PIE root *epi, also *opi" near, against" (see epi-).

oc-

assimilated form of ob- before -c-.

of-

assimilated form of ob- before -f-.

op-

assimilated form of ob- before -p-.

os-

frequent form of ob- before -c- and -t- in words from Latin.

現(xiàn)在對(duì)這幾個(gè)前綴的含義整理如下：

1.逆著…，和…敵對(duì)，和…相反

oppress, opprobrium

2.向著…，給…

obnoxious, opportune

3.妨礙地

officious, obsequious, obsession

4.越過，蓋住

obscene, obfuscate, obscure

5.遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地，消失

obviate, omission

6.表強(qiáng)調(diào)[完全，干脆，厲害地，繼續(xù)]

obese, obdurate, obeisance

另外，前綴ob-還有很多變形。

1.oc-[在輔音字母c之前]

occult, occupied

2.of-[在輔音字母f之前]

offensive, officiator

3.op- [在輔音字母p之前]

opponent, inopportune

4.os-[在輔音字母t之前]

ostensible, ostentatious

5. o- [在輔音字母m之前]

此外，前綴ob-還有一些同義前綴，也有“反對(duì)，抵抗”的意思,這些詞綴是：anti- ,contra- ,contro-,counter-,with-。

1.officiate [of

vt. at+sth perform the duties of an office or position; preside 行使職務(wù)，行使職權(quán);主持 oflice 事務(wù)所;政府機(jī)關(guān) officer 軍官 officiator 主婚人 offcial 正式的，公務(wù)的;公務(wù)員，官員

ex)A Unitarian minister officiated at his funeral.

一位一神論派的牧師主持了他的葬禮。

2.oppress [op

vt. keep down by unjust or cruel government; rule unjustly or cruelly; weigh heavily on 壓迫，壓制;用暴政統(tǒng)治;使煩悶，施加重壓

oppression 壓制，壓抑;迫害 oppressor 壓制者，暴君 oppressive 壓制的,壓迫的;煩悶的，窒息的

ex) Organized religion is often used to oppress people, in my view

我認(rèn)為，組織化的宗教往往被用來壓制人民。

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