1)對立法——先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，適用于有爭議性的主題。

[1] when asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. but i think/view a bit differently.

[2] when it comes to ...., some people believe that…. others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. there is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but i tend to the former/latter.

[3] now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... they claim/ believe/argue that ... but i wonder/doubt whether.....

2)現(xiàn)象法——引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問題，然后評論。

[1] recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.

[2] recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.

[3] inflation/corruption/social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

3)觀點法——開門見山，直接了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲎约簩σ懻摰膯栴}的看法。

[1] now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

[2] now there is a(n)growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to....

[3] now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ....

[4] perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....

4)引用法——先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，來引出文章要展開論述的觀點。

[1]" knowledge is power." this is the remark made by bacon. this remark has been shared by more and more people.

[2]" education is not complete with graduation." this is the opinion of a great american philosopher. now more and more people share his opinion.

[3]" ...." we often hear statements/words like those/this.

[4] we often hear such traditional complains as this" ....".

5)比較法——通過對過去、現(xiàn)在兩種不同的傾向、觀點的比較，引出文章要討論的觀點。

[1] for years, ...had been viewed as .... but people are taking a fresh look now. with the growing ..., people ....

[2] people used to think that ... (in the past, ....) but people now share this new idea.

6)故事法——先講一個較短的故事來引發(fā)讀者的興趣，引出文章的主題。(建議少用)

[1] once in (a newspaper), i read of/learnt..... the phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern.

[2] i have a friend who ... should he ....? such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.

[3] once upon a time, there lived a man who .... this story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.