英語短語動詞 四種類型及用法一定要掌握
英語短語動詞是學(xué)習(xí)英語中最重要的一課了,很多人在學(xué)習(xí)英語的時候?qū)@兩個知識點是有點模糊不清的,因為它的知識點太龐大了,下面就由小編攜手聽力課堂帶大家了解一下相關(guān)的資訊吧。
英語短語動詞
英語動詞短語的四種類型及用法:
一、動詞+副詞
有的一般不跟賓語,如go ahead, fall behind, get up, lie down, go up, run out, give in, stay up等;有的可以跟賓語,如put out, carry out, give up, wake up, check in, eat up, fill in, find out, fix up, hand in, mix up, look up, make out, turn down, work out等。
注意:賓語是名詞時,放在副詞前面或后面都可以,但若作賓語的是人稱代詞時,就只能放在動詞和副詞之間了。如:
We’ve decided to put the meeting off (=put off the meeting) . 我們決定把會議推遲。
We’ve decided to put it off. 我們決定將它推遲。(不說put off it)
二、動詞+介詞
如ask for, care for, call for, break into, deal with, call on, look for等。后面必須接賓語。如:
I don’t care for tea. 我不喜歡喝茶。
三、動詞+副詞+介詞
如look forward to, put up with, looked up to, go in for, go along with, date back to, look down on, keep up with, add up to, run out of等。如:
She soon caught up with us. 她很快趕上了我們。
四、動詞+名詞+介詞
如take care of, pay attention to, make use of, make contribution to做出貢獻等。如:
Take care of your brother while I am away. 我不在的時候,你要照顧好你弟弟。
write與write about的區(qū)別:
1. write your ideas 意思是:把你的想法(觀點,看法)寫出來。
2. write about your ideas 意思是:把你想法(觀點,看法)的論據(jù)(理由)寫出來。
前者表示:動賓關(guān)系是“直接”的;后者表示:動賓關(guān)系是“間接接”的。
網(wǎng)友問:I read about the book before. 請問,“讀書”是read the book,為何還要加一個about呢?
這個問題很有意思。在這個句子中,read about the book不是“讀書”,而是“讀到關(guān)于那本書的介紹”。請比較以下兩個句子有何異同:
I’ve read the novel and I think it is very instructive. 我讀過那本小說,我認為它很有教育意義。
I’ve read about the novel, but I wonder whether it is worth reading at all. 我讀過那本小說的介紹,但我不知道它是否值得一讀。
read和read about為何有如此大的差別呢?原來,在read the novel中,read是及物動詞,是一種直接的閱讀;而在read about the novel中,read是不及物動詞,是一種間接的閱讀,可以理解為在它后面省略了something, 即:read something about the novel。
總之,read the book和read about the book是直接和間接的關(guān)系。又如:
I know about him, but I don’t know him. 我聽說過他,但我不認識他。
We heard about / of the pop singer, but unfortunately we haven’t heard her sing. 我們聽說過這位流行歌手,但很遺憾我們沒有親耳聽她演唱過。
I am not a writer, and I can’t write a novel. But I can write about a novel. 我不是作家,我不會寫小說。但我可以寫小說評論。
英語短語動詞
got和gotten的區(qū)別:
1. 用于get的完成式用法
△從他的角度來看,他本應(yīng)得到這份工作。
英:From his standpoint, he should have got the job.
美:From his standpoint, he should have gotten the job.
△他們一定是迷路了,否則現(xiàn)在他們應(yīng)該到了。
英:They must have got lost or they’d be here by now.
美:They must have gotten lost or they’d be here by now.
△如果今天早上我起來早一點,我可能不會遲到。
英:If I had got up earlier this morning, I might not have been late.
美:If I had gotten up earlier this morning, I might not have been late.
2. 表示“有”“擁有”等的用法:
(1) 表示“有”“擁有”:
△我身上沒有錢。
英:I have (got) no money with me / on me.
美:I have (gotten) no money with me / on me.
△真幸運,湯姆有一輛汽車。
英:It’s lucky that Tom has (got) a car.
美:It’s lucky that Tom has (gotten) a car.
(2) 表示“有…要(做)”“必須(做)”:
△今晚我有很多事要做。
英:I have (got) a lot of things to do tonight.
美:I have (gotten) a lot of things to do tonight.
(3)(用于代替 there is, 表示某事物存在或發(fā)生了某事):
△有兩位房客和他同住。
英:He has (got) two tenants living with him.
美:He has (gotten) two tenants living with him.
beat與defeat區(qū)別:
這兩個詞無論在形式還是意思上都有相似之處,有時甚至可以通用。但它們也有一定的區(qū)別:
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